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新加坡人对缅甸大选的无动于衷和trade-off


缅甸大选的结果,反对派领袖翁山淑枝及其领导的全国民主联盟(民盟)大获全胜。新加坡官方报纸,联合早报说:

【缅甸大选民盟大胜 出乎朝野意料】#1

和新加坡9月份大选一样,成绩也是出乎朝野意料。

为什么会出现如此的落差?行动党对自己大选的成绩感到意外, 缅甸军人政府也同样感到意外。一胜一败, 一起意外。胜利是意外,失败也是意外。这代表了什么?这似乎反映了总理在接受澳大利亚记者访问时,说的行动党不以70%的支持作为底线。这个70%底线的假设如果成立,选举结果就不会出现意外了。不是吗?

这里不是讨论意外不意外的问题,而是要看看,新加坡人对缅甸大选结果的冷漠,无动于衷的反应。说实在的,行动党不可能为缅甸反动派的压倒性胜利而欢呼,这似乎在打自己的嘴巴。它只能承认这个事实。因此,行动党选择无动于衷,不愿多说。而反对党呢?同样的,也没有什么好高兴的,缅甸大选结果的出乎意料之外,似乎只能冷漠以待。行动党政府和缅甸军人政府的政绩,的确有所相差,国际声誉也不可相互比较。

Not fair but free不公平的自由选举

翁山淑枝在接受媒体访问时说,缅甸这次的选举不公平,但是选民却行使了自由权,做出这次‘出乎朝野意料’的选举成绩。缅甸反对党在选举前,的确受到不公平的对待,有些选区,反对党无法进入,宣传活动无法进行。当然,国会里早已内定25%议员归于军方。翁山淑枝在宪法下,也不能出任总统。

选举前的不利因素,不但,没有把选民吓倒,反而出现意料之外的成绩。难怪,翁山淑枝也要认可,虽然不公平,但是,选民的自由选择权,的确导致这次缅甸大选出现出乎意料之外的成绩。

事实上,新加坡的选举,同样是不公平的自由选举。行动党在选前的种种手段,很难说9月份的大选是公平的。不过,选民的投票权确实自由,只要不害怕,选民可以自由选择把票投给反对党。

同样不公平却有自由选择权的选举,却出现两个极端结果。总理在接受澳大利亚记者访问时说,这应该归功于李光耀, 选民的欢乐心情,行动党议员的努力#2。



谁也不敢保证,下一次大选,上面的三个因素,会继续保持下去。尤其是前两个原因。

Trade-off缅甸新加坡的不同

这一两天,总理在谈trade-off,副总理善达曼也在谈trade-off。一个是政治上的取舍,另一个是经济上的选择。不论是取舍,选择,鱼与熊掌不可兼得,选民要多一点好处,就要牺牲其他的好处,不可能所有的好处都一起获得。

行动党告诉选民,所有东西都有代价,选民要多一点福利,就有人要多加税。政治上要多一点自由,就有出现多一点乱。因此,总理认为国会出现10个以上议员,他会很头疼,不知如何才能对付他们。事实上,选民相信这个trade-off。

那么,为何缅甸选民不是这么想。是不是,他们没有什么好取舍?缅甸军人政府把缅甸治理到现在这个程度,已经是取舍的底线了。任何民主政府,都可能做得比军人政府好,这就不是鱼与熊掌的比较了。而是干鱼子与熊掌的比较了。

缅甸选民做出‘出乎朝野意料’的选择,似乎有其逻辑性。而新加坡选民做出‘出乎朝野意料’的同样选择,是不是也是合理和符合逻辑?还是,中了trade-off的毒?如果有一天,行动党无法提供鱼与熊掌的取舍,反风是否会再出现?

一个社会,如果一直是以trade-off来做比较,来做标准,尤其是以数目字,金钱作为准绳,这将是一个怎么样的社会?

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TODAY 20 November 2015

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